摘要：2017年5月19日，*學(xué)術(shù)期刊《Science》雜志上在線發(fā)表了美國洛克菲勒大學(xué)J. Sliwa研究組的一篇研究論文，論文報(bào)道了研究人員在靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)專門用來分析社交互動(dòng)的神經(jīng)回路。

2017年5月19日，*學(xué)術(shù)期刊《Science》雜志上在線發(fā)表了美國洛克菲勒大學(xué)J. Sliwa研究組的一篇研究論文，論文報(bào)道了研究人員在靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)專門用來分析社交互動(dòng)的神經(jīng)回路。社交互動(dòng)是靈長(zhǎng)類的一個(gè)主要的認(rèn)知組分，但人們對(duì)這一過程的基礎(chǔ)神經(jīng)回路所知甚少。

為了獲得更多的了解，J. Sliwa 和 W. A. Freiwald用全腦功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)來對(duì)4只恒河猴在看視頻時(shí)的腦部活動(dòng)進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)。這些視頻捕捉到了猴子-猴子、猴子-物體及物體-物體間的互動(dòng)，以及低層次的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制及自然復(fù)雜場(chǎng)景視頻。作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，傳統(tǒng)上已知與視覺特征加工有關(guān)的腦神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)在發(fā)生這些互動(dòng)時(shí)被強(qiáng)勢(shì)征用;他們還確認(rèn)了一個(gè)在前額葉皮層內(nèi)側(cè)和腹外側(cè)的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，它只參與猴-猴間的互動(dòng)。有趣的是，作者指出，這一社交互動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特征與人類社交互動(dòng)相關(guān)的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)(該系統(tǒng)被稱作心理理論和人類預(yù)設(shè)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò))相似。Sliwa和Freiwald說，因此，恒河猴看來與人類共有某些腦部區(qū)域的功能性和解剖特征。

原文摘要：Primate cognition requires interaction processing. Interactions can reveal otherwise hidden properties of intentional agents, such as thoughts and feelings, and of inanimate objects, such as mass and material. wher and how interaction analyses are implemented in the brain is unknown. Using whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging in macaque monkeys, we discovered a network centered in the medial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex that is exclusively engaged in social interaction analysis. Exclusivity of specialization was found for no other function anywher in the brain. Two additional networks, a parieto-premotor and a temporal one, exhibited both social and physical interaction preference, which, in the temporal lobe, mapped onto a fine-grain pattern of object, body, and face selectivity. Extent and location of a dedicated system for social interaction analysis suggest that this function is an evolutionary forerunner of human mind-reading capabilities.